Hexo 博客源文件自动备份与一键推送指南

時光2024-06-232026-06-18

本文章介绍如何通过脚本自动备份并提交Hexo源码文件，包括 source，scaffolds，themes目录文件，及

package.json，_config.yml等文件，当然，需要的话也可备份博客主目录下所有目录及文件。如果想要了解更多关于Hexo目录结构的内容，可以参阅文章Hexo 目录结构。

自动备份

创建一个私有仓库用于存放Hexo源码文件，例如 blog_source

在博客主目录创建一个.ps1(powershell脚本)后缀的文件，例如 backup.ps1，粘贴下面的代码

# 设置输出编码为 UTF-8
[Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8

$HEXO_SOURCE_DIR = "D:\WorkSpace\Blog\blog"
$BACKUP_DIR = "D:\WorkSpace\Github\shiguang-coding\blog_source"

$startTime = Get-Date
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "         Hexo 博客源文件备份            " -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "开始时间：$($startTime.ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'))" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ""

Write-Host "源目录：$HEXO_SOURCE_DIR" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "备份到：$BACKUP_DIR" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""

Write-Host "正在检查备份目录..." -ForegroundColor White
if (!(Test-Path -Path $BACKUP_DIR)) {
    Write-Host "  -> 目录不存在，正在创建..." -ForegroundColor Gray
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $BACKUP_DIR -Force | Out-Null
    Write-Host "  [完成] 目录已创建" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    Write-Host "  [完成] 目录已存在" -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ""

# 排除目录和文件
$excludeDirs = @("node_modules", ".deploy_git", ".idea", "public", ".git")

function Get-FileList($dir) {
    Get-ChildItem -Path $dir -Recurse -File -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
        Where-Object {
            $rel = $_.FullName.Substring($dir.Length + 1)
            $excluded = $false
            foreach ($d in $excludeDirs) {
                if ($rel -eq "db.json" -or $rel.StartsWith($d + [IO.Path]::DirectorySeparatorChar) -or $rel.StartsWith($d + "/")) {
                    $excluded = $true
                    break
                }
            }
            -not $excluded
        } | ForEach-Object {
            $rel = $_.FullName.Substring($dir.Length + 1)
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                Path = $rel
                Size = $_.Length
                Time = $_.LastWriteTime
            }
        }
}

Write-Host "正在检查变更..." -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host ""

# 同步前：分别获取源目录和备份目录的文件列表
$srcFiles = Get-FileList $HEXO_SOURCE_DIR
$bakFiles = Get-FileList $BACKUP_DIR

$srcMap = @{}; $srcFiles | ForEach-Object { $srcMap[$_.Path] = $_ }
$bakMap = @{}; $bakFiles | ForEach-Object { $bakMap[$_.Path] = $_ }

# 新增：源目录有，备份目录没有
$newFiles = @()
foreach ($f in $srcFiles) {
    if (-not $bakMap.ContainsKey($f.Path)) {
        $newFiles += $f.Path
    }
}

# 删除：备份目录有，源目录没有
$deletedFiles = @()
foreach ($f in $bakFiles) {
    if (-not $srcMap.ContainsKey($f.Path)) {
        $deletedFiles += $f.Path
    }
}

# 修改：两边都有，但大小或时间不同
$modifiedFiles = @()
foreach ($f in $srcFiles) {
    if ($bakMap.ContainsKey($f.Path)) {
        $bak = $bakMap[$f.Path]
        if ($f.Size -ne $bak.Size -or $f.Time -ne $bak.Time) {
            $modifiedFiles += $f.Path
        }
    }
}

# 显示变更
if ($newFiles.Count -gt 0) {
    foreach ($f in $newFiles) {
        Write-Host "  [新增] $f" -ForegroundColor Green
    }
}
if ($modifiedFiles.Count -gt 0) {
    foreach ($f in $modifiedFiles) {
        Write-Host "  [修改] $f" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
}
if ($deletedFiles.Count -gt 0) {
    foreach ($f in $deletedFiles) {
        Write-Host "  [删除] $f" -ForegroundColor Red
    }
}
if ($newFiles.Count -eq 0 -and $modifiedFiles.Count -eq 0 -and $deletedFiles.Count -eq 0) {
    Write-Host "  没有检测到变更" -ForegroundColor Gray
}

Write-Host ""
Write-Host "正在同步文件..." -ForegroundColor White
Write-Host "  排除：node_modules、.deploy_git、.idea、public、.git、db.json" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""

# 执行 robocopy 同步（静默模式）
& robocopy $HEXO_SOURCE_DIR $BACKUP_DIR /E /PURGE /XD node_modules .deploy_git .idea public .git /XF db.json /NJH /NJS /NP /NFL /NDL | Out-Null

Write-Host ""
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
if ($LASTEXITCODE -le 8) {
    $endTime = Get-Date
    $duration = $endTime - $startTime
    Write-Host "[完成] 备份成功！" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "  结果：新增 $($newFiles.Count) 个 / 修改 $($modifiedFiles.Count) 个 / 删除 $($deletedFiles.Count) 个" -ForegroundColor White
    Write-Host "  耗时：$($duration.TotalSeconds.ToString('F1')) 秒" -ForegroundColor Yellow
} else {
    Write-Host "[失败] 备份出错！" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host "  错误码：$LASTEXITCODE" -ForegroundColor Red
}
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""

修改脚本中Hexo博客源码目录 $HEXO_SOURCE_DIR和备份目录 $BACKUP_DIR

打开 powershell 终端，执行 backup.ps1 如果当前目录已存在则覆盖(只会覆盖目录中已存在的文件，源码目录原来存在，但是博客主目录不存在的文件不受影响)

控制台会打印备份的文件详情及相关统计信息

自动提交

在源码仓库所在目录创建 push.ps1文件，粘贴以下代码

# 获取脚本所在目录
$scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path

$repoPath = "D:\WorkSpace\Github\shiguang-coding\blog_source"

$startTime = Get-Date
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "         Hexo 博客源文件推送            " -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "开始时间：$($startTime.ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'))" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ""

Write-Host "仓库目录：$repoPath" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""

Write-Host "正在切换到仓库目录..." -ForegroundColor White
Set-Location -Path $repoPath
Write-Host "  [完成] 目录已切换" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""

Write-Host "正在检查变更..." -ForegroundColor White
git config core.quotepath false
$status = git status --porcelain

if ($status) {
    $changeCount = ($status | Measure-Object -Line).Lines
    Write-Host "  发现 $changeCount 个文件有变更" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host ""

    # 分类显示变更文件
    $newFiles = @()
    $modFiles = @()
    $delFiles = @()

    foreach ($line in $status) {
        $code = $line.Substring(0, 2).Trim()
        $file = $line.Substring(3)
        switch ($code) {
            "A"  { $newFiles += $file }
            "M"  { $modFiles += $file }
            "D"  { $delFiles += $file }
            "?"  { $newFiles += $file }
            default {
                if ($code -match "A") { $newFiles += $file }
                elseif ($code -match "D") { $delFiles += $file }
                else { $modFiles += $file }
            }
        }
    }

    if ($newFiles.Count -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "  新增（$($newFiles.Count) 个）：" -ForegroundColor Green
        $newFiles | Select-Object -First 15 | ForEach-Object {
            Write-Host "    + $_" -ForegroundColor Green
        }
        if ($newFiles.Count -gt 15) {
            Write-Host "    ... 还有 $($newFiles.Count - 15) 个" -ForegroundColor Gray
        }
    }
    if ($modFiles.Count -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "  修改（$($modFiles.Count) 个）：" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        $modFiles | Select-Object -First 15 | ForEach-Object {
            Write-Host "    ~ $_" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        }
        if ($modFiles.Count -gt 15) {
            Write-Host "    ... 还有 $($modFiles.Count - 15) 个" -ForegroundColor Gray
        }
    }
    if ($delFiles.Count -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "  删除（$($delFiles.Count) 个）：" -ForegroundColor Red
        $delFiles | Select-Object -First 15 | ForEach-Object {
            Write-Host "    - $_" -ForegroundColor Red
        }
        if ($delFiles.Count -gt 15) {
            Write-Host "    ... 还有 $($delFiles.Count - 15) 个" -ForegroundColor Gray
        }
    }
    Write-Host ""

    Write-Host "正在暂存文件..." -ForegroundColor White
    git add . 2>$null
    Write-Host "  [完成] 文件已暂存" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host ""

    $currentTime = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
    $commitMessage = "Auto commit at $currentTime"

    Write-Host "正在提交..." -ForegroundColor White
    git commit -m $commitMessage 2>$null
    Write-Host "  [完成] 已提交" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "  提交信息：$commitMessage" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host ""

    Write-Host "正在推送到远程..." -ForegroundColor White
    git push origin main 2>$null
    Write-Host "  [完成] 已推送" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    Write-Host "  没有检测到变更" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "  所有文件已是最新状态" -ForegroundColor Gray
}

Write-Host ""
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
$endTime = Get-Date
$duration = $endTime - $startTime
Write-Host "[完成] 操作结束" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "  耗时：$($duration.TotalSeconds.ToString('F1')) 秒" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "========================================" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""

Set-Location -Path $scriptPath

当然，你也可以指定仓库目录，这样就可以在任意位置执行脚本了

# 获取脚本所在目录
# $scriptPath = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path

# # 设置Git仓库路径为脚本所在目录
# $repoPath = $scriptPath


# 设置仓库所在目录
$repoPath = "D:\WorkSpace\Github\shiguang-coding\blog_source"

直接执行push.ps1可执行文件即可